ABB Substation Liquid-filled Distribution Transformer, a critical piece of equipment used to step down high voltage from a power grid to lower voltages for industrial or commercial use.
Key Components & Features
- Corrugated Cooling Fins: The large, vertical accordion-like structures on the sides provide a high surface area to dissipate heat from the internal insulating oil.
- Bushings: The connections (often protected by air terminal chambers or "throats" as seen on the right) allow high and low-voltage cables to connect to the internal windings.
- Control Cabinet: The smaller rectangular box on the front houses protection devices, wiring for monitoring gauges, and auxiliary controls.
- Monitoring Gauges: Visible on the upper front are the liquid level gauge and temperature indicator, used to monitor the health of the transformer fluid.
- Lifting Lugs: Located at the top corners of the tank to allow for safe transport and installation.
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Operational Specifications
- Fluid Types: These units typically use mineral oil, but can be filled with less flammable or biodegradable fluids like BIOTEMP for environmentally sensitive areas.
- Voltage Range: ABB's liquid-filled transformers generally cover primary voltages up to 72.5 kV.
- Tap Changer: Most include an off-circuit tap changer (operated via a handle on the cover) to adjust the output voltage when the unit is de-energized.
